ELA Guidelines

Improve your ELA materials & instruction for ELs with our free, comprehensive tool. The ELA Guidelines are divided into five Areas of Focus:

I: Interdependence of Oral Language, Disciplinary Writing, and Text Engagement
II: Sustained Language and Content Support
III: Learner Awareness (Metacognitive Strategies)
IV: Leveraging Students' Assets
V: Formative Assessment
II
Area of Focus II

Sustained Language and Content Support

4A
Specification 4A

Texts are rarely, if ever, simplified so that students have the opportunity to grapple with grade-level texts and successfully engage with them to build college- and career-readiness. Teachers can provide additional high-quality, relevant texts for context building up to the main reading.

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4B
Specification 4B

Materials apply text engineering (chunking a text in meaningful units, inserting headings, inserting questions) to alert students to key queries to consider before moving on in the text.

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4C
Specification 4C

Materials help teachers indicate what is essential to understand and why it is essential; materials should alert students to connections between texts and concepts.

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4D
Specification 4D

Instead of replacing a word with a simpler word, student texts provide students with reading strategies (e.g. determining words in context) or include parentheses with explanations, definitions, or more details.

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5A
Specification 5A

Curriculum spirals concepts, skills, and language throughout to give students consistent exposure and multiple opportunities to learn them over time.

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5B
Specification 5B

Curriculum spirals concepts, skills, and language throughout with increasing sophistication, precision, and/or complexity.

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5C
Specification 5C

Materials should contain scaffolds (e.g. visual organizers, sentence frames/starters, hands-on materials, role-plays) to support students' developing academic reasoning skills.

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6A
Specification 6A

Materials offer opportunities for students to engage in multiple close readings of complex texts to promote deep understanding of texts' themes, concepts, structure, etc.

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7A
Specification 7A

Materials should include opportunities for the development of research skills, and teacher guidance should demonstrate how to build these skills into the material and lead this endeavor in a collaborative manner before students are required to research independently.

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7B
Specification 7B

Teachers guide students to revise and then edit their writing through a process that focuses on specific issues each time rather than trying to address all content and editing issues simultaneously.

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7C
Specification 7C

Units include pair or group conversation activities that help students practice their abilities to develop and challenge ideas using evidence-based reasoning, allowing them to engage with ideas and engage with ELA practices (inferring meaning from texts, making arguments, supporting claims with text evidence, etc.) before writing extensively about them.

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